The market for microbiome-based drugs is still in its early stages worldwide. However, many companies, both at home and abroad, are currently developing these types of drugs. Microbiome refers to the vast number of microorganisms and their genes within the human body. Recent studies have revealed a connection between various diseases and the microbial environment within the intestines, increasing the use of microbiome-based drugs as medicine. In this context, we would like to discuss the strategies behind developing these drugs and the opportunities and challenges that come with them.